https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/3332 Fri, 15 May 2026 12:08:33 GMT 2026-05-15T12:08:33Z https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/6065 Determinants of Alcohol Use by Students in Medical Training Colleges in South Nyanza Region, Kenya Kurui, Daniel Kipchumba; Ogoncho, Isaac Machuki Alcohol consumption is a global public health problem accounting for about 6% of mortality and 5% of disability adjusted life year’s (DALYs) lost worldwide. An estimated 10-15% of students in medical training institutions risk alcohol abuse in their lifetime. In Kenya, alcohol abuse is common among college youth though data on alcohol abuse by students in MTCs are still unclear. South Nyanza, the study area is within Nyanza Region in Kenya with high alcohol consumption with prevalence rate of 26.8% among general college students. The study sought to establish what determined alcohol use by students in MTCs in South Nyanza Region. Cross-sectional descriptive study design was used. Five colleges in the region namely: Kendu Mission School and KMTCs (Kisii, Nyamira, Migori, Homa Bay) were included in the study. A sample of 303 MTC students was recruited for the study. The study established that 113 (37.3%) of the respondents indulged in alcohol use because it was readily available within their colleges. Proximity of alcohol selling premises to their colleges was also a reason for alcohol use as reported by 135 (44.6%) of the respondents. Majority of the respondents 100 (33.0%) were introduced to alcohol use by friends. Curiosity was the main reason that made 73 (24.1%) of the respondents to use alcohol for the first time. Mentorship from their tutors and peer education can help reduce alcohol use among the college students. Tue, 30 Jun 2020 00:00:00 GMT https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/6065 2020-06-30T00:00:00Z https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/5457 Nurses' knowledge related to pain assessment for critically ill patients at a public sector hospital in Johanesburg. Indrah G. M. Onwong'a A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Nursing Johannesburg, 2014Discrepancies exist between how pain is assessed in ICU patients able and unable to self report. There are pain assessment scales and guidelines that have been developed over the years for pain assessment. However, little is known regarding ICU nurses’ knowledge and current practices in the provision of pain management in the critically ill. The purpose of this study was to investigate intensive care nurses’ knowledge and practices related to pain assessment for critically ill patients. A quantitative non-experimental, descriptive cross-sectional design was used to achieve the objectives. ICU nurse participants (n=79) were drawn from the five (5) adult ICUs in a public tertiary hospital. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire by Rose et al. 2011. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data https://core.ac.uk/outputs/39675970 Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/5457 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/3390 Nurses’ knowledge related to pain assessment for critically ill patients at a public sector hospital in Johannesburg Indrah G. M. Onwong'a Discrepancies exist between how pain is assessed in ICU patients able and unable to self report. There are pain assessment scales and guidelines that have been developed over the years for pain assessment. However, little is known regarding ICU nurses’ knowledge and current practices in the provision of pain management in the critically ill. The purpose of this study was to investigate intensive care nurses’ knowledge and practices related to pain assessment for critically ill patients. A quantitative nonexperimental, descriptive cross-sectional design was used to achieve the objectives. ICU nurse participants (n=79) were drawn from the five (5) adult ICUs in a public tertiary hospital. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire by Rose et al. 2011. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. There was a significant difference in the nurses who used a formal pain assessment tool for patients able to self-report (mean percentage, 72.1%) compared to patients unable to selfreport (mean percentage, 52.0%) with a statistical significance (p=0.0027). However, there was no difference in the perceived importance of the use of pain scale. Nurses assessed pain frequently and were more confident in patients able to self-report than patients unable to self-report (p=0.0001). Behaviors most frequently considered indicative of pain were Restlessness (mean percentage 48.1%), and ventilator alarms (mean percentage, 47.4%). Pain assessment was considered extremely important for post-operative ICU patients and (mean percentage, 91.1%) and trauma ICU patients (mean percentage, 87.0%). Most frequently occurring barriers were unavailable pain assessment tools, lack of designated area for charting pain and hemodynamic instability. Enablers were pain prioritization in ICU and motivated staff. Most of the nurses had received pain education on various topics; however a few (29.7%) were extremely satisfied. Based on the research findings, despite participant’s perceived importance of pain assessment for patients who can self-report and those who cannot self-report, nurses were less familiar with formal pain assessment tools for patients unable to self-report and less confident in their pain assessment. Hence, a wide gap of the two groups of patients. Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT https://repository.maseno.ac.ke/handle/123456789/3390 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z