Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of clinical isolates Salmonella serovar Typhimurium in western Kenya.
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Publication Date
2009Author
Miruka David Onyango, Beniam Ghebremedhin, Eliud Nyandago Waindi, Rose Kakai, Wolfgang Rabsch, Erhard Tietze, Wolfgang König, Brigette König
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Show full item recordAbstract/ Overview
Salmonella spp. are recognized as some of the most common causes of enteritis worldwide. This study aimed to identify
clinically isolated S. Typhimurium in western Kenya and to assess antimicrobial resistance profiles and strain inter-relatedness.
Methods: The study was performed in rural Maseno, Nyanza province in Kenya, between February 2004 and June 2005. Sixty-three patients
with diarrhoea and fever were recruited. S. Typhimurium isolates were confirmed using serotyping, biochemical testing, and 16S rRNA
sequencing. Susceptibility to 20 antimicrobials was determined and specific resistance genes were identified by polymerase chain reaction
(PCR). Strain diversity was further analyzed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), fluorescence amplified fragment length
polymorphism (fAFLP), and multi-locus-variable-number-tandem regions (MLVNTR).
Results: Twenty S. Typhimurium strains were isolated in the course of the study and their identity was confirmed by 16S rRNA gene
sequencing. All 20 S. Typhimurium strains were resistant to ampicillin, streptomycin and sulfamethoxazole; ciprofloxacin resistance and
phage DT104 were not detected. PFGE, plasmid profiling, and analysis of selected VNTR loci revealed further heterogeneity among the
strains in the study.
Conclusion: S. Typhimurium was commonly isolated from patients with diarrhoea and fever in Maseno. Considerable phenotypic and
genotypic diversity was observed among isolates, suggesting that strains belonging to multiple lineages are responsible for disease in the
study region. Multiple resistance was common and mediated by a variety of resistance genes but not by phage DT104.
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