Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns Of Escherichea Coli Isolates Causing Urinary Tract Infections Among Pregnant Women At Kisii Teaching And Referral Hospital

Abstract

Urinary tract infection is a major public health problem in terms of morbidity and financial cost and represents one of the most common diseases encountered in medical practice today with an estimated 150 million UTIs per annum worldwide. It remains a commonly diagnosed infection both in community as wells as in hospitalized pregnant mothers and Escherichia coli was found to be the most common pathogen of UTI both in community and hospital acquired infections . The main objective determines antimicrobials susceptibility pattern on Escherichia coli isolates causing urinary tract infection in pregnant women attending Kisii Teaching and Referral Hospital. The study was a Cross-sectional descriptive study where systematic sampling was used to recruit the respondents that meet the inclusion criteria 80 pregnant women from trimester 1, 2 and 3 respectively participating in the study. Demographic and risk factors details were obtained through a structured Check List interviews. Data was analysed using Microsoft Excel and presented in tables and graphs presentation. Coding and verification of the data was done before data analyzed. Analysis was done using SPSS version 15. Chi-square test (2x2) or Fishers Exact Test was applicable at P-value derivation for sociodemographic and risk factors to identify variables associated with UTIs. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern rate of gram negative bacteria ranged from 27% to 92% to be accurate Susceptibility was as Cefriaxozone 74 (92%), Ciprofloxacin 56 (70%), Gentamycin 56 (70%), co-Trimoxazole 55 (69%), Ampicillin 50 (63%), Chloraphenical 40 (50%), Streptomycin 32 (43%) and Tetracycline 22 (27%) respectively. This study recommends that effective identification, isolation and sensitivity tests of uropathogens in pregnant mothers such as E. coli associated with UTI should be done as SOP and the government should expand the existing maternal health programs and put more emphasis on uti treatment components targeting mothers who were established to be at a higher risk. The study was a hospital based study and may not truly reflect findings in the rural areas and the entire state. The antibiotic sensitivity test against bacteria in the laboratory is an in vitro activity and may not exactly reflect the in vivo activity