extracts against Xanthomonas campestris Pv vesicatoria isolated from diseased African nightshade (Solanum scabrum)
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Publication Date
2018Author
William Omuketi Emitaro, David Mutisya Musyimi, Darius Andika Otiato, Buyela Daniel Khasabuli
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Solanum scabrum Mill is widely cultivated for consumption as a leafy vegetable, for medicinal purposes
and as a source of income. Its productivity is faced with many challenges as farmers in Kenya have
been recording low yield ranging between 1-3 tones/ha due to low soil fertility, pests and diseases.
Bacterial leaf spot disease caused by Xanthomona scampestris pv vesicatoria accounts for 40-70% loss
of yield of Solanum species including Solanum scabrum. The disease is controlled by application of
synthetic chemicals which have adverse environmental effect. The aim of this study was to determine
the antimicrobial effect of water and ethanol extracts from B. pilosa and E. hirta on Xanthomona
scampestris pv vesicatoria. Leaves and roots of Bidenspilosa and Euphorbiahirta were obtained dried
and used to make different treatments for water and ethanol extracts. Disc diffusion technique was
used to determine antimicrobial activity of the extracts. Extracts from B. pilosa and E. hirta leaves and
roots significantly inhibited the growth of Xc. pvvesicatoria. Euphorbia hirta extract was more effective
than B. pilosa extracts in inhibiting bacterial growth. Root extracts had higher antimicrobial activity
compared to leaf extracts. Higher concentrations for both water extract (100%) and ethanol extract
(200mg/ml) significantly inhibited growth of Xc. pv vesicatoria than other lower concentration. The
results obtained confirmed the use of B. pilosa and E. hirta in control of plant pathogens
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- Department of Zoology [160]