Investigating treatment response of patients with confirmed drug-resistant tuberculosis in an hiv-1-endemic population in western Kenya

Abstract

In 2015, 10.4 million people worldwide had tuberculosis (TB) and 1.4 million deaths occurred, 400 000 of whom were HIV-positive. Sub-Saharan Africa accounted for 81% of these cases. In western Kenya, current data on the distribution of rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) mutations is not available. The association of gene mutations with HIVinfection and the treatment response of HIV-infected and -uninfected patients with TB are not known. This study determined the proportion of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum isolates and investigated the association of RIF and INH gene mutations with HIV status and monitored the treatment response of TB/HIV-co-infected patients.