School of Medicine: Recent submissions

Now showing items 201-220 of 560

    • Traditional eye medicine use in microbial keratitis in Uganda: a mixed methods study 

      Simon Arunga , Allen Asiimwe , Eunice Apio Olet , Grace Kagoro-Rugunda , Bosco Ayebazibwe , John Onyango , Robert Newton , Astrid Leck , David Macleod , Victor H. Hu , Janet Seeley , Matthew J. Burton (The Wellcome Trust, 2019)
      Background: Traditional eye medicine (TEM) is frequently used to treat microbial keratitis (MK) in many parts of Africa. Few reports have suggested that this is associated with a worse outcome. We undertook this large ...

    • Delay Along the Care Seeking Journey of Patients with Microbial Keratitis in Uganda 

      Simon Arunga, Guyguy M. Kintoki , Stephen Gichuhi , John Onyango , Rob Newton , Astrid Leck, David Macleod , Victor H. Hu, and Matthew J. Burton (Taylor & Francis, 2019)
      PURPOSE To describe the care seeking journey and causes of delay among patients with Microbial Keratitis in Uganda. METHODS A prospective cohort of patients presenting with microbial keratitis at the two main eye units ...

    • The management of microbial keratitis within Uganda’s primary health system: a situational analysis 

      Simon Arunga , Naome Kyomugasho , Teddy Kwaga , John Onyango , Astrid Leck , David Macleod , Victor Hu , Matthew Burton (Wellcome Open Research, 2019)
      Background: Microbial keratitis (MK) frequently leads to sight-loss, especially when the infection is severe and/or appropriate treatment is delayed. The primary health system as an entry point plays a central role ...

    • The impact of microbial keratitis on quality of life in Uganda 

      Simon Arunga , Geoffrey Wiafe, Esmael Habtamu, John Onyango, Stephen Gichuhi, Astrid Leck, David Macleod, Victor Hu, Matthew Burton (BMJ Specialist Journals, 2019)
      Background Microbial keratitis (MK) is a frequent cause of sight loss in sub-Saharan Africa. However, no studies have formally measured its impact on quality of life (QoL) in this context. Methods As part of a nested ...

    • Risk Factors of Microbial Keratitis in Uganda: A Case Control Study 

      Simon Arunga, Guyguy M. Kintoki, Stephen Gichuhi, John Onyang, Bosco Ayebazibwe, Rob Newton, Astrid Leck, David Macleod, Victor H. Hu, and Matthew J. Burton (Taylor & Francis, 2020)
      Purpose: Microbial keratitis (MK), is a frequent cause of sight loss worldwide, particularly in low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of MK in Uganda. Methods: Using a nested ...

    • Epidemiology of Microbial Keratitis in Uganda: A Cohort Study 

      Simon Arunga Guyguy M. Kintoki, James Mwesigye, Bosco Ayebazibwe, John Onyango, Joel Bazira, Rob Newton, Stephen Gichuhi, Astrid Leck, David Macleod, Victor H. Hu, and Matthew J. Burton (Taylor & Francis, 2020)
      Purpose: To describe the epidemiology of Microbial Keratitis (MK) in Uganda. Methods: We prospectively recruited patients presenting with MK at two main eye units in Southern Uganda between December 2016 and March 2018. ...

    • Smartphone-based Ophthalmic Imaging Compared With Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography Assessment of Vertical Cup-to-disc Ratio Among Adults in Southwestern Uganda 

      Baimba R. Idriss, MMed, MBChB, Tu M. Tran, MD, MSc, Daniel Atwine, PhD, MMed, Robert T. Chang, MD , David Myung, MD, PhD John Onyango, MMed (NIH Public Access, 2021)
      Precis: Using optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements as a reference standard for vertical cup-to-disc ratio (vCDR), a smartphone-based ophthalmic camera has a sensitivity of 67.7% and specificity of 96.7% to detect ...

    • A ten-year study of Retinoblastoma in Uganda: An approach to improving outcome with limited resources 

      K. Waddell , M. Matua , C. Bidwell , R. Atwine , J. Onyango b , S.V. Picton , I. Simmons , J. Stahlschmidt , W.T. Johnston , R. Newton (Elsevier, 2021)
      Background: Survival of children with cancer in resource-limited regions is very poor compared to betterresourced regions. Retinoblastoma (RB) is a childhood cancer that is commonly reported in many regions of Africa. RB ...

    • Determinants of Uptake of Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Malaria among Pregnant Women in Suba Sub-County, Homabay County, Kenya 

      Kenneth Otieno Omodhi, Charles Angira, Samson Ong’wen Adoka (International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 2020)
      Background: Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) is one of the effective and efficacious interventions recommended for prevention of malaria in pregnancy. The drug of choice is Sulphadoxine-Py ...

    • Patient care and clinical outcomes for patients with COVID-19 infection admitted to African high-care or intensive care units (ACCCOS): a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study 

      Bruce M Biccard, Pragasan Dean Gopalan, Malcolm Miller, William Lance Michell, David Thomson, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Ernest Aniteye, Greg Calligaro, Maman Sani Chaibou, Hailu Tamiru Dhufera, Mohamed Elfagieh, Mahmoud Elfiky, Muhammed Elhadi, Maher Fawzy, David Fredericks, Meseret Gebre, Abebe Genetu Bayih, Anneli Hardy, Ivan Joubert, Fitsum Kifle, Hyla-Louise Kluyts, Kieran Macleod, Zelalem Mekonnen, Mervyn Mer, Atilio Morais, Vanessa Msosa, Wakisa Mulwafu, Andrew Ndonga, Zipporah Ngumi, Akinyinka Omigbodun, Christian Owoo, Fathima Paruk, Jenna Lynn Piercy, Juan Scribante, Yakob Seman, Elliott Taylor, Dawid van Straaten, Ahmed Awad, Hend Hussein, Mahmoud Shaban, Merihan Elbadawy, Ahmed O Elmehrath, Ahmed Cordie, Mohamed Elganainy, Mostafa El-Shazly, Mahmoud Essam, Omar A Abdelwahab, Aboubakr Ali, Aliae Mohamed Hussein, Fatma A Monib, Islam Ahmed, Mahmoud M Saad, Mohammed Ali Al-Quossi, Nashwa Rafaat, Islam Galal, Dalia Omran Omran, Ahmed Azzam, Mohammed Azab, Ahmed Tawheed, Mahmoud Gamal, Mohamed El Kassas, Aml Azzam, Neama Ahmed, Yasmin NasrEldin, Omar Abdewahab, Omar Elmandouh, Meseret MeGebre, Abebe Addisie, Akine Eshete, Kokeb Desita, Hiruy Araya, Yared Agidew, Addisu Desalegn Andabo, Emnet Tesfaye, Elias Ali Yesuf, Gelaw Hailemariam, Menbeu Sultan Mohammed, Yemane Gebremedhin, Yoseph Taye, Tamiru Assefa Mebrate, Tirunesh Busha Gemechu, Tigist Tesfaye Bedane, Elias Tewabe Abera, Ayele Teshome, Ernest Aniteye Ernest Aniteye, Christian Owoo Christian Owoo, Alfred Doku, Jane Sandra Afriyie-Mensah, Aba Lawson, Daniel Akwanfo DYaw Sottie, Emma Addae, Ernest Ofosu-Appiah Ernest Ofosu-Appiah, William Obeng William Obeng, Anne Mugera, Caesar Bitta, Mohammed Abdalraheem Huwaysh, Mohammed Mahdi Ali Yahya, Alsnosy Abdullah Khalefa Mohammed, Amrajaa Alsalihin Mohammed Majeed, Amkhatirah Emad Mousay Mohammed, Elsalhein Majeed, Abdurraouf A Abusalama, Ehab Altayr, Taha Abubaker, Akram Mohammed Alkaseek, Butaina Abdulhafith, Zainab Alziyituni, Marwa F Gamra, Mohamed Muftah Anaiba, Samer Khel, Mohammed Abdelkabir, Saedah Abdeewi, Safia Adam, Abdulmueti Alhadi, Ahmed Alsoufi, Muhannad Hassan, Ahmed Msherghi, Ahmad Elmabri Mohammad Bouhuwaish, Francis Masoo, Singatiya stella Chikumbanje, Delia Mabedi, Antonio Carlos, Cesaltina Lorenzoni, Jorge Mambo, Isabel Isabel Chissaque, Mouzinho Mouzinho Saide, Maikassoua Mamane, Foumakoye Amadou, Adesoji Ademuyiwa Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Akinyinka Omigbodun Akinyinka Omigbodun, Ademola Adeyeye, Akinola Akinmade, Yakubu Momohsani, John Bamigboye, Donald Orshio, Erdoo Suckie Isamade, Henry Embu, Samuel Nuhu, Samuel Ojiakor, Ahmed Nuhu, Adeola Fowotade, Arinola Sanusi, Babatunde Osinaike, Olusola Idowu, Abdullahi Oteikwu Amali, Sanusi Ibrahim, Adamu Abba Adamu, Ibrahim Kida, Job Otokwala, Olubusola Alagbe-Briggs (Elsevier, 2021)
      Background Molecular imaging is increasingly used to guide treatment decisions and planning in prostate cancer. We aimed to evaluate the role of 18F-fluciclovine-PET/CT in improving cancer control compared with conventional ...

    • Feasibility and Acceptability of Smartphone-Based Cervical Cancer Screening Among HIV-Positive Women in Western Kenya 

      Chemtai Mungo , MD, MPH1; Cirilus Ogollah Osongo, BA2; Jeniffer Ambaka, DipCM2; Magdalene A. Randa , MBChB2; Benard Samba, BSc2; Catherine A. Ochieng, BSc2; Emily Barker, MD3; Anagha Guliam4; Jackton Omoto, MBChB, MMed5; and Craig R. Cohen, MD, MPH6 (Gynecologic Cancer, 2021)
      PURPOSE Adjunct cervical cancer screening methods are under evaluation to improve the diagnostic accuracy of human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screening in low- and middle-income countries. We evaluated the feasibility and ...

    • Hepatitis B and C virus co-infections and genetic diversity among HIV-1 infected individuals in Siaya County, Kenya 

      K. O. Onyango, A. K. Nyamache, G. O. Kasera, S. N. Mabeya and J. O. Nonoh (EAST AFRICAN MEDICAL JOURNAL, 2021)
      Objectives: The present study determined the prevalence of HBV/HCV coinfections; genetic diversity and drug resistance of HBV among HIV infected patients visiting Siaya County Referral Hospital, Kenya. Design: This was ...

    • Molecular identification and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates from urine samples of African buffalo, eland and cattle 

      Harry Asena Musonye, Ezekiel Mugendi Njeru, Ahmed Hassanali, Lydia Mali Langata, James Nonoh (International Journal of Applied Biology, 2021)
      Presence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in natural environment is an escalating risk of serious implication on human and animal health. Livestock and wildlife have been long recognized as reservoirs for antibiotic resistant ...

    • Burden of disease and risk factors for mortality amongst hospitalized newborns in Nigeria and Kenya 

      Helen M Nabwera, Dingmei Wang, Olukemi O Tongo, Pauline EA Andang’o, Isa Abdulkadir, Chinyere V Ezeaka, Beatrice N Ezenwa, Iretiola B Fajolu, Zainab O Imam, Martha K Mwangome, Dominic D Umoru, Abimbola E Akindolire, Walter Otieno, Grace M Nalwa, Alison W Talbert, Ismaela Abubakar, Nicholas D Embleton, Stephen J Allen, Neonatal Nutrition Network (NeoNuNet) (Public Library of Science, 2021)
      Objective To describe the patient population, priority diseases and outcomes in newborns admitted <48 hours old to neonatal units in both Kenya and Nigeria. Study design In a network of seven secondary and tertiary ...

    • Case report: Acute Kidney Injury, Liver impairment, Severe Anemia in a child with Malaria and Hyperparasitaemia 

      Harshil Gumasana, Walter Otieno (Global Journal of Medical and Clinical Case Report, 2021)
      Severe Malaria is a medical emergency mainly because of its rapid progression to complications and death if not promptly and adequately treated. In 2018 WHO put the incidence of P. falciparum Malaria in the African region ...

    • Clinical laboratory hematology reference values among infants aged 1month to 17 months in Kombewa Sub-County, Kisumu: A cross sectional study of rural population in Western Kenya 

      Jew Ochola Ouma, David H Mulama, Lucas Otieno, John Owuoth, Bernhards Ogutu, Janet Oyieko, Jackson C Korir, Peter Sifuna, Valentine Singoei, Victorine Owira, Stacey Maureen Okallo Gondii, Ben Andagalu, Walter Otieno (Public Library of Science, 2021)
      There is an urgent need for reliable region-specific hematological reference values for clinical monitoring. Laboratory reference ranges are important for assessing study participant eligibility, toxicity grading and ...

    • Combined chemotherapy manifest less severe immunopathology effects in helminth-protozoa comorbidity 

      Christopher Khayeka-Wandabwa, Guan Zhou, Joseph K Choge, William Kipchirchir Kemei, Judith Alice Makwali, Lucy Wanja Karani, Mutila Phoebe Kisavi, James V Ndulu, Christopher O Anjili (Experimental parasitology, 2019)
      Background Co-infection with Leishmania major and Schistosoma mansoni may have significant consequences for disease progression, severity and subsequent transmission dynamics. Pentavalent antimonials and Praziquantel (PZQ) ...

    • Microscopy Underestimates the Prevalence of Trypanosomes’ Infection in Asymptomatic Cattle and Sheep in a Lowland Area within the Kenyan Rift Valley 

      Emmily C Ngetich, Ngeiywa Moses (Scientific Research Publishing, 2019)
      Animal trypanosomosis continues to impede animal production in sub-Saharan Africa mostly in locations where tsetse flies are endemic. This has ended up devastating many livelihoods where majority of the people depend on ...

    • Identity, Preparation, Dosages and Conservation Knowledge of the Antidiabetic Herbs Used by The Tugen Living in Baringo County-Kenya 

      Ng’wena Magak Kipbichii Chebor , Osano Odipo , Isaboke Job (African Journal of Health Sciences, 2020)
      The primary goal of managing Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is to regulate blood sugar levels within the physiologic limits (3Mmol/l to7Mmmol/l-fasting blood sugars). This can be either done pharmacologically (conventional or ...

    • Effects of Allium Sativum Ethanolic Extract on Trypanosoma brucei brucei Parasites’ Morphometric Parameters and Clinical Outcome in White Albino Laboratory Rats 

      G Magak Ng’wena, Rosemary Odera, M Moses Ngiywa, D Minjire Mwaniki, Wilson Okumu (African Journal of Health Sciences, 2021)
      Background: Trypanosomosis affects humans as well as wild and domestic vertebrates, yet has no successful prophylaxis, chemotherapy nor cure. Objectives: The study was to investigate the effects of Allium sativum extract ...