School of Public health & Community Development: Recent submissions
Now showing items 321-340 of 411
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Enzymatic Activity of Endophytic Bacterial Isolates from Selected Mangrove Plants in Kenya
(The Open Microbiology Journal, 2018-11-14)Microorganisms are a preferred source of enzyme production due to their high production capability and low cost of production. Bacterial endophytes occupy unexplored sites hence they represent a new source of enzymes with ... -
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN A BIORATIONALE FOR CONTROL OF BIOMPHALARIA PFEIFFERI HOST SNAILS, LARVAE OF ANOPHELES GAMBIAE AND SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI
(Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2019-11-14)Mosquitoes transmit deadly diseases in tropical countries. Despite tremendous efforts towards disease control, the burden is still huge in endemic areas. In 2015, the region was home to 89% of malaria cases and 91% of ... -
16S rRNA gene profiling of bacterial communities mediating production of tsetse attractive phenols in mammalian urine
(AOSIS Publishing, 2019)Several types of odours are involved in the location of host animals by tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae), a vector of animal African trypanosomiasis. Host animals' ageing urine has been shown to be the source of a phenolic ... -
Impact of processing methods on microbial load of reared and wild-caught edible crickets (Scapsipedus icipe and Gryllus bimaculatus) in Kenya
(Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2019-07-10)The microbial composition of farmed and wild Scapsipedus icipe and Gryllus bimaculatus is presented. The aim of this study is to determine the microbial load of the two cricket species and evaluate the efficiency of ... -
Prevalence and detection of drug resistant mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis among drug naïve patients in Nairobi, Kenya
(BioMed Central, 2019-12)Tuberculosis (TB), an ancient scourge of humanity known for several thousands of years, is still a significant public health challenge in many countries today even though some progress has been made in recent years in ... -
Shorter interval and multiple flooding-drying cycling enhanced the mineralization of 14C-DDT in a paddy soil
(Elsevier, 2019-08-01)DDT and its main metabolites (DDTs) are still the residual contaminants in soil. Sequential anaerobic-aerobic cycling has long been approved for enhancing the degradation of DDTs in soil. However, there is a lack of study ... -
Diversity of brucellosis and multi-strain co-infection in a transboundary livestock production system between Tanzania and Kenya
(AAS Open Res, 2019-08-05)Objective: Brucellosis is a debilitating zoonotic disease affecting humans and animals with high prevalence in Kenya and Tanzania. This study was conducted to detect and identify the Brucella species circulating in various ... -
The Role of Participatory Learning and Action on Strengthening the Different Domains of Empowerment on Self-medication with Antimicrobials in Nyalenda Informal Settlement, Kisumu County, Kenya
(Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019-08-30)Self-medication with antimicrobials (SMWA) is a common global practice. Studies in Nyalenda B Ward, an informal settlement in western Kenya, found that significant households (76.6%) perceived the practice of SMWA as ... -
Cyclooxygenase-2 haplotypes influence the longitudinal risk of malaria and severe malarial anemia in Kenyan children from a holoendemic transmission region
(Nature Publishing Group, 2020-01)Cyclooxygenase-2 [(COX-2) or prostaglandin endoperoxide H2 synthase-2 (PTGS-2)] induces the production of prostaglandins as part of the host-immune response to infections. Although a number of studies have demonstrated the ... -
Nutritional service needs of pregnant and lactating adolescent girls in trans-Mara east Sub-County, Narok County: focus on access and utilization of nutritional advice and services
(BioMed Central, 2019-12)Background An understanding of the association between adolescent nutrition, adolescent pregnancy and their quest for healthcare services may elucidate a basis for intervention and formulation of programs that enhance ... -
Genetic variation in interleukin-7 is associated with a reduced erythropoietic response in Kenyan children infected with Plasmodium falciparum
(BioMed Central, 2019-12-01)Severe malarial anemia (SMA) is a leading cause of malaria-related morbidity and mortality in children. The genetic factors that influence development of SMA and inefficient erythropoiesis, a central pathogenic feature of ... -
Socio-demographic and facility-based determinants of perceived quality of nutrition Services of Pregnant and Lactating Adolescent Girls in Trans-Mara east Sub-County, Narok County, Kenya
(BioMed Central, 2019-12-01)Background: It has been established that use and utilization of nutrition services among adolescents are highly linked to availability, access, cost and quality of care. The main objective of this study was to assess the ... -
Acceptability, adherence, and clinical outcomes, of amoxicillin dispersible tablets versus oral suspension in treatment of children aged 2–59 Months with pneumonia, Kenya: A cluster randomized controlled trial
(Elsevier, 2020-04-01)Amoxicillin dispersible tablet (DT) is now recommended by the WHO as a first-line drug for the treatment of pneumonia in children below 5 years. The study aim was to compare acceptability, adherence and clinical outcome ... -
Socio-economic impacts of brucellosis on livestock production and reproduction performance in Koibatek and Marigat regions, Baringo County, Kenya
(BioMed Central, 2020)Abstract Background Brucellosis in Africa is caused by Brucella species transmitted through contaminated or contacts with infected animals or their carcasses. The disease reduces livestock production and reproduction ... -
Serological and molecular evidence of Brucella species in the rapidly growing pig sector in Kenya
(2020)Abstract Background: Brucellosis is an emerging yet neglected zoonosis that has been reported in Kenya. Epidemiological data on brucellosis in ruminants is readily accessible; however, reports on brucellosis in pigs ... -
Power dynamics as a determinant of access and utilization of nutrition services by pregnant and lactating adolescent girls in Trans-Mara East Sub-County, Narok County, Kenya
(2020-06-12)Abstract Background: During pregnancy or lactating, adequate nutrition for adolescents becomes critical to reduce risks for both child and maternal-related morbidity and mortality. Power dynamics play a massive role in ... -
Influence of blood group, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and Haemoglobin genotype on Falciparum malaria in children in Vihiga highland of Western Kenya
(BioMed Central, 2020-07-09)Genetic diversity of ABO blood, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and haemoglobin type and their ability to protect against malaria vary geographically, ethnically and racially. No study has been carried ... -
Development of a Unifying Target and Consensus Indicators for Global Surgical Systems Strengthening: Proposed by the Global Alliance for Surgery, Obstetric, Trauma, and …
(SPRINGER, 2017-10-01)After decades on the margins of primary health care, surgical and anaesthesia care is gaining increasing priority within the global development arena. The 2015 publications of the Disease Control Priorities third edition ... -
The ASOS Surgical Risk Calculator: development and validation of a tool for identifying African surgical patients at risk of severe postoperative complications
(Elsevier, 2018-12-01)The African Surgical Outcomes Study (ASOS) showed that surgical patients in Africa have a mortality twice the global average. Existing risk assessment tools are not valid for use in this population because the pattern of ... -
Non-Puerperal Uterine Inversion in a Young Woman: A Case Report, Brief Surgical Review, and Clinical Insights
(Clinical Medical Reviews and Case Reports, 2016-08)